刚刚发生的青海地震让大家心里都对地震又恨又怕。虽然天灾我们无法控制，但我们可以做好应对措施，这样就可以尽可能的减少伤亡。

2010年高考英语作文热点范文集锦

Anearthquakeisatremoroftheearth'ssurfaceusuallytriggeredbythereleaseofundergroundstressalongfaultlines.Thisreleasecausesmovementinmassesofrockandresultingshockwaves.Inspiteofextensiveresearchandsophisticatedequipment,itisimpossibletopredictanearthquake,althoughexpertscanestimatethelikelihoodofanearthquakeoccurringinaparticularregion.

In1935,Americanseismologist(地震学家)CharlesRichterdevelopedascalethatmeasuresthemagnitudeofseismicwaves.CalledtheRichterscale,itratesearthtremorsonascalefrom1to9,with9beingthemostpowerfulandeachnumberrepresentinganincreaseoftentimestheenergyoverthepreviousnumber.Accordingtothisscale,anyquakethatishigherthan4.5cancausedamagetostonebuildings;quakesratedamagnitudeof7andaboveareconsideredverysevere.Aless-knownscale,theMercalliscale(麦氏震级),wasdevisedbyItalianseismologistGiuseppeMercallitomeasuretheseverityofanearthquakeintermsofitsimpactonaparticularareaanditsinhabitantsandbuildings.

Someearthquakesaretoosmalltobefeltbutcancausemovementoftheearth,openingupholesanddisplacingrocks.Shockwavesfromaverypowerfulearthquakecantriggersmallerquakeshundredsofmilesawayfromtheepicenter.Approximately1,000earthquakesmeasuring5.0andaboveoccuryearly.Earthquakesofthegreatestintensityhappenaboutonceayearandmajorearthquakes(7.0-7.9)occurabout18timesayear.Strongearthquakes(6.0-6.9)occurabout10timesamonthandmoderateearthquakes(5.0-5.9)happenmorethantwicedaily.Mostearthquakesarenotevennoticedbythegeneralpublic,sincetheyhappeneitherundertheoceanorinunpopulatedareas.Sometimesanearthquakeundertheoceancanbesosevere,itwillcauseatsunami,responsibleforfargreaterdamage.

Thegreatestdangerofanearthquakecomesfromfallingbuildingsandstructuresandflyingglass,stonesandotherobjects.

Ifyouliveinanearthquake-pronearea,herearesomestepsthatcanbetakentominimizerisks:

如何应对地震：

Affixbookcases,cabinets,refrigeratorsandfurnituretothewalls.将书架、橱柜、冰箱和家具固定在墙上。CaliforniaandJapansellsiliconeputtykitsthatcanbeusedtostickdishesandotherbreakablestothewalls.

Fitcabinetswith"childprooflocks,"sodoorswillremainclosedanditemswon'tflyout.锁好橱柜。

Haveabackpackpreparedandattachedtothebed,containingshoes,aflashlightandbatteries,keys,money,first-aidsuppliesandmedicines,aknife,food,water,IDandinsuranceinformation.Attachingthepacktothebedhelpstoinsurethatitwillnotbethrownaroundduringanearthquake.准备好应急包。

Keepshoesnexttoyourbed,soyoucanputthemonassoonasaquakebegins.将鞋放在床边。

Haveafamilyevacuationplanincludingphonenumbersandasafeplacetowhichtoevacuate.做应对地震的演习。

Establishescaperoutesfromeachroominthehouse.确定逃跑路线。

Ifyouareinanearthquake:

Ifyouareindoors,findasecurelocationtowaitoutthequake,suchasunderaheavytableordesk,orinaninteriorhallwaywhereyoucanbraceyourselfbetweentwowalls.Doorwaysareamongthesafestplacestostand,thankstothestrongbeamsoverhead.However,watchoutforswingingdoors.Stayawayfromwindows.如在室内，躲在安全的地方。

Ifyouareoutdoors,trytogetintoanopenarea,awayfromfallingbuildings,powerlines,trees,etc.如在室外，紧急疏散到空旷地带。

Ifyouareinacrowdedpublicarea,crouchdown,withyourhandsprotectingyourheadandneck.如在人口密集的地方，蹲在地上，保护住头颈。

Ifyouareinyourcar,pullovertotheside,awayfrompowerlinesandoverpasses,andstayinsidethecaruntiltheshakinghassubsided.如在车内，躲着一角，避开电线和车顶，直到震动停止。

Besuretoputonshoesimmediately,toavoidinjuryfromsteppingonbrokenglassandobjects.穿好鞋，以防被玻璃和其他物件所伤。

Checkyourselfandothersforinjuries.检查伤口。

Checkforgasandwaterleaksanddamagetoelectricalwires.关闭煤气、水管和电线。

Surveytheexteriorofyourhomeforstructuraldamagetothechimney,roof,foundationandwalls.检查房屋状况。

DoNOTuseyourautomobileunlessthereisanemergency.除非紧急，不要用汽车。

Ifyoumustleavethearea,trytoleavewordwhereyoucanbecontacted.如果必须离开，留下你的联系信息。

REMEMBERthattheremaybeaftershocks,whichcanalsocausegreatdamagetoyoursurroundings.Beprepared!小心余震!